The Effect of Training Variations on Basic Underhand Passing Skills in Volleyball in Fifth Grade Students of SD Negeri 044849 Kubucolia, Karo Regency, 2024/2025 Academic Year

Abstract

Background

Physical education plays a strategic role in developing motor skills, physical fitness, and character in elementary school students. One of the large ball game materials taught is volleyball, specifically the basic skill of underhand passing. However, based on initial observations at SD Negeri 044849 Kubucolia, Karo Regency, the underhand passing skills of fifth-grade students are still considered low. This is suspected to be influenced by the lack of varied exercises provided during the learning process.

Objectives

This study aims to determine the effect of exercise variation on the basic underhand passing skills in volleyball of fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 044849 Kubucolia, Karo Regency, Academic Year 2024/2025.

Methods

This study used an experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population was all fifth-grade students totaling 30, all of whom were used as the sample. The instrument used was a test of underhand passing skills in volleyball. Data were analyzed using a t-test to determine differences in results before and after the treatment.

Results

The results showed a significant improvement in students’ underhand passing skills after being given varied exercises. The average pretest score was 58.40, which increased to 76.83 in the posttest. The t-test results showed t_calculated > t_table (7.85 > 2.045) at a significance level of 0.05, indicating a significant effect of exercise variation on underhand passing skills.

Conclusion

Exercise variation has a significant effect on improving basic underhand passing skills in volleyball among fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 044849 Kubucolia, Karo Regency, Academic Year 2024/2025.