Digital-Based Physical Education and Physical Literacy Development in School-Aged Children in Kupang, Indonesia
Keywords:
Digital Learning, Physical Education, Physical Literacy, Children, KupangAbstract
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of digital-based physical education in improving physical literacy among school-aged children in Kupang, Indonesia.
Materials and Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group. A total of 60 elementary school students aged 10–12 years participated in the study. The experimental group received digital-based physical education instruction using interactive video modules and mobile applications, while the control group received conventional physical education instruction. The intervention was conducted for eight weeks. Physical literacy was measured through four domains: physical competence, motivation and confidence, knowledge and understanding, and daily physical activity behavior. Data were analyzed by comparing pretest and posttest scores between groups, with the significance level set at p < 0.05.
Results: The results showed significant improvements in physical literacy among students in the experimental group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The greatest improvements were found in the domains of motivation and confidence, and physical competence. These findings indicate that digital-based instruction can increase students’ engagement, movement skill development, and understanding of active lifestyle behaviors.
Conclusions: Digital-based physical education is an effective approach for improving physical literacy among elementary school students. The integration of interactive video modules and mobile applications can support more engaging, accessible, and student-centered physical education learning.
