Upskilling Decentralized Pelatda Coaches Through a Periodization Workshop: Training Program Design and Implementation
Keywords:
kompetensi, program, periodesasiAbstract
Background
This study focuses on improving the competence of decentralized Pelatda coaches through a workshop on training program development and periodization in preparation for Poprov 2026. Coaches play a crucial role in optimizing athlete performance, as effective training programs and well-structured periodization can significantly enhance athletic outcomes while minimizing injury risks. However, many coaches lack a deep understanding of these essential concepts and often rely on intuitive approaches rather than evidence-based methods.
Objectives
The workshop aims to bridge this knowledge gap by providing science-based tools and strategies to help coaches design training programs tailored to individual athlete needs, with a focus on periodization and load management.
Methods
Prior to the workshop, many Pelatda Selaparang Smart coaches demonstrated significant knowledge gaps in training program design, leading to ineffective periodization practices. The workshop addressed these gaps through interactive sessions, discussions, and practical exercises, enabling coaches to gain a deeper understanding of key training concepts.
Results
Post-workshop assessments showed significant improvements in coaches' understanding, with a notable shift in score distribution, highlighting the effectiveness of the workshop in enhancing knowledge and application of training principles.
Conclusion
This study underscores the importance of structured educational interventions in improving coaching practices, which directly impacts athlete performance and the overall success of the program. The workshop serves as a model for future professional development programs, emphasizing the need for continuous education and tailored training resources to ensure long-term success in competitive environments like Poprov 2026.
References
Anousaki, E., Zaras, N., Stasinaki, A.-N., Panidi, I., Terzis, G., & Karampatsos, G. (2021). Effects of a 25-Week Periodized Training Macrocycle on Muscle Strength, Power, Muscle Architecture, and Performance in Well-Trained Track and Field Throwers. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(10), 2728–2736. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000004098
Anyadike-Danes, K., Donath, L., & Kiely, J. (2023). Coaches’ Perceptions of Common Planning Concepts Within Training Theory: An International Survey. Sports Medicine - Open, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-023-00657-6
Anyadike-Danes, K., Donath, L., & Kiely, J. (2025). Do Coaches Believe They Can Predict Athletes’ Responses to Training? An International Survey of Coaches’ Beliefs Regarding the Predictability of Training-Induced Adaptations. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541251361617
Crossley, K. M., Patterson, B., Culvenor, A. G., Bruder, A. M., Mosler, A., & Mentiplay, B. F. (2020). Making Football Safer for Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Injury Prevention Programmes in 11 773 Female Football (Soccer) Players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(18), 1089–1098. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-101587
Danardani, W., Hidayat, S., Dharmadi, M. A., & Suwiwa, I. G. (2023). Evaluation of Sport Psychology Knowledge of Coaches at the Buleleng Volleyball Academy (ABVB). Mimbar Ilmu, 28(3), 508–514. https://doi.org/10.23887/mi.v28i3.60467
Dehghansai, N., Pinder, R. A., Baker, J., & Renshaw, I. (2021). Challenges and Stresses Experienced by Athletes and Coaches Leading Up to the Paralympic Games. Plos One, 16(5), e0251171. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251171
Eather, N., Miller, A., Jones, B., & Morgan, P. J. (2020). Evaluating the Impact of a Coach Development Intervention for Improving Coaching Practices and Player Outcomes in Netball: The MASTER Coaching Randomized Control Trial. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 16(3), 439–455. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954120976966
Ede, A. E. v., Claessen, R. J. M., Gils, M. v., Hoogstraten, C. v., Berg, I. v. d., & Gurp, P. J. v. (2023). The Teacher as Coach: An Innovative, Longitudinal Training for (Bio)medical Educators. The Clinical Teacher, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.13564
França, E. F., Antunes, A., Silva, A. C. d., Guerra, M. L. M., Cossote, D. F., & Bonfim, J. C. O. (2022). Concepts and Principles of Sports Training: A Narrative Review Based on the Classic Literature of Reference. International Journal of Physical Education Sports and Health, 9(1), 214–217. https://doi.org/10.22271/kheljournal.2022.v9.i1d.2369
García, D. S., Herrero, J. A. G., Carcedo, R. J., & García, M. S. (2021). The Impact of an Authentic Sports Leadership Program for Coach. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.701134
Ghorbanzadeh, B., Orangi, B. M., & Yaali, R. (2025). Experiential Knowledge of Expert Coaches and Expert Athletes Can Help Identify Constraints on the Performance of Run-Up in Competitive Sport Tasks. Frontiers in Psychology, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1544196
Greenberg, E., Greenberg, E. R., Lawrence, J. T. R., & Ganley, T. J. (2022). Understanding Youth Athlete Motivation, Training, and Activity Progression During and After the COVID-19 Sports Interruption. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 17(7). https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.40372
Hebard, S. P., Oakes, L. R., Davoren, A. K., Milroy, J. J., Redman, J., Ehrmann, J., & Wyrick, D. L. (2021). Transformational Coaching and Leadership: Athletic Administrators’ Novel Application of Social and Emotional Competencies in High School Sports. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning, 14(3), 345–364. https://doi.org/10.1108/jrit-01-2021-0006
Hidayah, T., Pratama, R. S., Nasuka, N., Rahayu, S., Budiono, I., Sugiharto, S., Nadzalan, A. M., Hafidz, A., Purwoto, S. P., & Nurrachmad, L. (2024). Do Petanque Sports Athletes in Jawa Tengah Need Android-Based Applications for Training Program Implementation? Retos, 53, 69–77. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v53.102289
Jolo, M. U. (2024). Volleyball Athletes Training Program Towards Their Achievements. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences, 2(2), 176–189. https://doi.org/10.37329/ijms.v2i2.3141
Kassim, A. F. M., Aznan, E. A. M., & Halim, N. S. A. (2020). Perceptions of Coaching Behavior and Its Impact on Managerial of Team Sports Performance. Jurnal Intelek, 15(2), 60–66. https://doi.org/10.24191/ji.v15i2.307
Loturco, I., Freitas, T. T., Alcaráz, P. E., Kobal, R., Nunes, R. F. H., Weldon, A., & Pereira, L. A. (2022). Practices of Strength and Conditioning Coaches in Brazilian Elite Soccer. Biology of Sport, 39(3), 779–791. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2022.108703
Marco, K. D., Goods, P. S., Baldwin, K. M., Hiscock, D. J., & Scott, B. R. (2024). Resistance Training Prescription During Planned Deloading Periods: A Survey of Strength and Conditioning Coaches Across Varying Sporting Codes. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 38(12), 2099–2106. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000004932
Nega, A., & Amare, S. (2021). Statistical Analysis on Factors That Hinders the Effectiveness of Junior Athletics Projects in North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-138398/v1
Palamara, K., McKinley, S. K., Chu, J. T., Merrill, A. L., Yu, L., Parangi, S., Makowski, M. S., Park, Y. S., Donelan, K., & Stein, S. L. (2022). Impact of a Virtual Professional Development Coaching Program on the Professional Fulfillment and Well-Being of Women Surgery Residents. Annals of Surgery Open, 277(2), 188–195. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0000000000005562
Patterson, B., Crossley, K. M., Haberfield, M., Mosler, A. B., Cowan, S., Lawrence, J., Rath, D., Livingstone, N., Barton, C. J., Bruder, A., & Donaldson, A. (2024). Injury Prevention for Women and Girls Playing Australian Football: Programme Cocreation, Dissemination and Early Adopter Coach Feedback. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 10(1), e001711. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001711
Purba, C., Rahman, A. A., & Suherman, A. (2024). Physical Training Profile and Training Patterns of Paragliding Athletes. Kinestetik Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 8(1), 94–105. https://doi.org/10.33369/jk.v8i1.33229
Rebelo, A., Martinho, D. V, Pires, I. G., Lima, R., & Nakamura, F. Y. (2025). Monitoring Internal and External Training Loads in Female Artistic Roller Skating: A Longitudinal Study. Sports Health a Multidisciplinary Approach, 17(6), 1183–1191. https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381251334641
Sandbakk, S. B., Walther, J., Solli, G. S., Tønnessen, E., & Haugen, T. (2023). Training Quality—What Is It and How Can We Improve It? International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 18(5), 557–560. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2022-0484
Seo, C., Corrado, M., Fournier, K., Bailey, T., & Haykal, K.-A. (2021). Addressing the Physician Burnout Epidemic With Resilience Curricula in Medical Education: A Systematic Review. BMC Medical Education, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02495-0
Sinulingga, G., Novita, & Sinulingga, A. (2020). Analysis of Sports Management Coaching, Wrestling Karo District. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200305.017
Weldon, A., Duncan, M., Turner, A. N., Sampaio, J., Noon, M., Wong, D. P., & Lai, V. W. (2021). Contemporary Practices of Strength and Conditioning Coaches in Professional Soccer. Biology of Sport, 38(3), 377–390. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2021.99328
Yang, P., Xu, R., & Le, Y. (2024). Factors Influencing Sports Performance: A Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Coaching Quality, Athlete Well-Being, Training Intensity, and Nutrition With Self-Efficacy Mediation and Cultural Values Moderation. Heliyon, 10(17), e36646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36646
Zabaloy, S., Tondelli, E., Pereira, L. A., Freitas, T. T., & Loturco, I. (2022). Training and Testing Practices of Strength and Conditioning Coaches in Argentinian Rugby Union. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 17(6), 1331–1344. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541221114768
Zhang, L. (2024). Design and Adjustment of Optimizing Athletes’ Training Programs Using Machine Learning Algorithms. Jes, 20(6s), 2014–2024. https://doi.org/10.52783/jes.3116
Zhong, Y., Weldon, A., Bishop, C., & Li, Y. (2023). Practices of Strength and Conditioning Coaches Across Chinese High-Performance Sports. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 18(5), 1442–1455. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541231176491
Anousaki, E., Zaras, N., Stasinaki, A.-N., Panidi, I., Terzis, G., & Karampatsos, G. (2021). Effects of a 25-Week Periodized Training Macrocycle on Muscle Strength, Power, Muscle Architecture, and Performance in Well-Trained Track and Field Throwers. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(10), 2728–2736. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000004098
Anyadike-Danes, K., Donath, L., & Kiely, J. (2023). Coaches’ Perceptions of Common Planning Concepts Within Training Theory: An International Survey. Sports Medicine - Open, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-023-00657-6
Anyadike-Danes, K., Donath, L., & Kiely, J. (2025). Do Coaches Believe They Can Predict Athletes’ Responses to Training? An International Survey of Coaches’ Beliefs Regarding the Predictability of Training-Induced Adaptations. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541251361617
Crossley, K. M., Patterson, B., Culvenor, A. G., Bruder, A. M., Mosler, A., & Mentiplay, B. F. (2020). Making Football Safer for Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Injury Prevention Programmes in 11 773 Female Football (Soccer) Players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(18), 1089–1098. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-101587
Danardani, W., Hidayat, S., Dharmadi, M. A., & Suwiwa, I. G. (2023). Evaluation of Sport Psychology Knowledge of Coaches at the Buleleng Volleyball Academy (ABVB). Mimbar Ilmu, 28(3), 508–514. https://doi.org/10.23887/mi.v28i3.60467
Dehghansai, N., Pinder, R. A., Baker, J., & Renshaw, I. (2021). Challenges and Stresses Experienced by Athletes and Coaches Leading Up to the Paralympic Games. Plos One, 16(5), e0251171. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251171
Eather, N., Miller, A., Jones, B., & Morgan, P. J. (2020). Evaluating the Impact of a Coach Development Intervention for Improving Coaching Practices and Player Outcomes in Netball: The MASTER Coaching Randomized Control Trial. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 16(3), 439–455. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954120976966
Ede, A. E. v., Claessen, R. J. M., Gils, M. v., Hoogstraten, C. v., Berg, I. v. d., & Gurp, P. J. v. (2023). The Teacher as Coach: An Innovative, Longitudinal Training for (Bio)medical Educators. The Clinical Teacher, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.13564
França, E. F., Antunes, A., Silva, A. C. d., Guerra, M. L. M., Cossote, D. F., & Bonfim, J. C. O. (2022). Concepts and Principles of Sports Training: A Narrative Review Based on the Classic Literature of Reference. International Journal of Physical Education Sports and Health, 9(1), 214–217. https://doi.org/10.22271/kheljournal.2022.v9.i1d.2369
García, D. S., Herrero, J. A. G., Carcedo, R. J., & García, M. S. (2021). The Impact of an Authentic Sports Leadership Program for Coach. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.701134
Ghorbanzadeh, B., Orangi, B. M., & Yaali, R. (2025). Experiential Knowledge of Expert Coaches and Expert Athletes Can Help Identify Constraints on the Performance of Run-Up in Competitive Sport Tasks. Frontiers in Psychology, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1544196
Greenberg, E., Greenberg, E. R., Lawrence, J. T. R., & Ganley, T. J. (2022). Understanding Youth Athlete Motivation, Training, and Activity Progression During and After the COVID-19 Sports Interruption. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 17(7). https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.40372
Hebard, S. P., Oakes, L. R., Davoren, A. K., Milroy, J. J., Redman, J., Ehrmann, J., & Wyrick, D. L. (2021). Transformational Coaching and Leadership: Athletic Administrators’ Novel Application of Social and Emotional Competencies in High School Sports. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning, 14(3), 345–364. https://doi.org/10.1108/jrit-01-2021-0006
Hidayah, T., Pratama, R. S., Nasuka, N., Rahayu, S., Budiono, I., Sugiharto, S., Nadzalan, A. M., Hafidz, A., Purwoto, S. P., & Nurrachmad, L. (2024). Do Petanque Sports Athletes in Jawa Tengah Need Android-Based Applications for Training Program Implementation? Retos, 53, 69–77. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v53.102289
Jolo, M. U. (2024). Volleyball Athletes Training Program Towards Their Achievements. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences, 2(2), 176–189. https://doi.org/10.37329/ijms.v2i2.3141
Kassim, A. F. M., Aznan, E. A. M., & Halim, N. S. A. (2020). Perceptions of Coaching Behavior and Its Impact on Managerial of Team Sports Performance. Jurnal Intelek, 15(2), 60–66. https://doi.org/10.24191/ji.v15i2.307
Loturco, I., Freitas, T. T., Alcaráz, P. E., Kobal, R., Nunes, R. F. H., Weldon, A., & Pereira, L. A. (2022). Practices of Strength and Conditioning Coaches in Brazilian Elite Soccer. Biology of Sport, 39(3), 779–791. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2022.108703
Marco, K. D., Goods, P. S., Baldwin, K. M., Hiscock, D. J., & Scott, B. R. (2024). Resistance Training Prescription During Planned Deloading Periods: A Survey of Strength and Conditioning Coaches Across Varying Sporting Codes. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 38(12), 2099–2106. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000004932
Nega, A., & Amare, S. (2021). Statistical Analysis on Factors That Hinders the Effectiveness of Junior Athletics Projects in North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-138398/v1
Palamara, K., McKinley, S. K., Chu, J. T., Merrill, A. L., Yu, L., Parangi, S., Makowski, M. S., Park, Y. S., Donelan, K., & Stein, S. L. (2022). Impact of a Virtual Professional Development Coaching Program on the Professional Fulfillment and Well-Being of Women Surgery Residents. Annals of Surgery Open, 277(2), 188–195. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0000000000005562
Patterson, B., Crossley, K. M., Haberfield, M., Mosler, A. B., Cowan, S., Lawrence, J., Rath, D., Livingstone, N., Barton, C. J., Bruder, A., & Donaldson, A. (2024). Injury Prevention for Women and Girls Playing Australian Football: Programme Cocreation, Dissemination and Early Adopter Coach Feedback. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 10(1), e001711. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001711
Purba, C., Rahman, A. A., & Suherman, A. (2024). Physical Training Profile and Training Patterns of Paragliding Athletes. Kinestetik Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 8(1), 94–105. https://doi.org/10.33369/jk.v8i1.33229
Rebelo, A., Martinho, D. V, Pires, I. G., Lima, R., & Nakamura, F. Y. (2025). Monitoring Internal and External Training Loads in Female Artistic Roller Skating: A Longitudinal Study. Sports Health a Multidisciplinary Approach, 17(6), 1183–1191. https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381251334641
Sandbakk, S. B., Walther, J., Solli, G. S., Tønnessen, E., & Haugen, T. (2023). Training Quality—What Is It and How Can We Improve It? International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 18(5), 557–560. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2022-0484
Seo, C., Corrado, M., Fournier, K., Bailey, T., & Haykal, K.-A. (2021). Addressing the Physician Burnout Epidemic With Resilience Curricula in Medical Education: A Systematic Review. BMC Medical Education, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02495-0
Sinulingga, G., Novita, & Sinulingga, A. (2020). Analysis of Sports Management Coaching, Wrestling Karo District. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200305.017
Weldon, A., Duncan, M., Turner, A. N., Sampaio, J., Noon, M., Wong, D. P., & Lai, V. W. (2021). Contemporary Practices of Strength and Conditioning Coaches in Professional Soccer. Biology of Sport, 38(3), 377–390. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2021.99328
Yang, P., Xu, R., & Le, Y. (2024). Factors Influencing Sports Performance: A Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Coaching Quality, Athlete Well-Being, Training Intensity, and Nutrition With Self-Efficacy Mediation and Cultural Values Moderation. Heliyon, 10(17), e36646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36646
Zabaloy, S., Tondelli, E., Pereira, L. A., Freitas, T. T., & Loturco, I. (2022). Training and Testing Practices of Strength and Conditioning Coaches in Argentinian Rugby Union. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 17(6), 1331–1344. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541221114768
Zhang, L. (2024). Design and Adjustment of Optimizing Athletes’ Training Programs Using Machine Learning Algorithms. Jes, 20(6s), 2014–2024. https://doi.org/10.52783/jes.3116
Zhong, Y., Weldon, A., Bishop, C., & Li, Y. (2023). Practices of Strength and Conditioning Coaches Across Chinese High-Performance Sports. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 18(5), 1442–1455. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541231176491
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