The Effect Using Of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplements In Increasing Endurance: A Literature Review

Abstract

Background

In recent years, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) has been increasingly used as an ergogenic supplement due to its ability to improve body performance, delay muscle fatigue, and support athlete performance during high-intensity exercise.

Objectives

This systematic review examines the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) supplementation in improving athlete physical performance, especially regarding muscle endurance during exercise.

Methods

This study used the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews) guidelines and data collection criteria techniques using PICO. Articles were searched in international databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science (WOS), and PubMed. The keywords used include "Sodium Bicarbonate," "Endurance," "Performance," and Muscle Fatigue. 9 studies were selected based on their relevance to the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate supplementation in improving athlete performance.

Results

The results of the study showed that the use of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) supplementation is not universal but somewhat highly dependent on contextual variables such as the type of sport, duration, and intensity of activity, athlete training level, and supplementation approach (dose and time of administration). However, most of the existing studies still use general designs and involve limited populations, thus limiting the generalizability of the findings.

Conclusion

The research findings show that sodium bicarbonate supplementation has improved sports performance, especially in high-intensity and short-medium duration activities. However, its effectiveness highly depends on the type of sport, athlete's fitness level, dose, and the proper administration time. An individualized approach and further research are needed to optimize its benefits specifically.